From the era of rock-graffito until the present exhibitions of works of art in museum and galleries, man appears the only creature endowed with the unique gift to express his most intimate thoughts and feelings through art. Through a selection of examples that represent various aspects of the human destiny, on the one hand we attempt to understand the motives of the artist who created them, and on the other to explore their usefulness and validity as source of the science of Paleopathology.