Wood has been extensively used in public and private buildings for the construction of many architectural features, such as roofs and ceilings, since antiquity. Wooden ceilings are decorated with carvings or paintings or with a combination of the two. This article deals with the painted wooden ceilings in Greece starting from the 16th century, the date of the oldest surviving example, up to and including the 19th century. Representative samples from five different areas of Greece have been examined, while the conclusions drawn have been based on the research made on these specific ceilings. This research is divided in four parts: a. An analysis of the historical and decorative elements, b. A recording of the architectural, technical and constructive features, c. The identification of existing damages and the investigation of the factors which have caused them. And finally, d. Proposals for restoration and conservation.