The article deals with the historical evolution of the island of Euboea from the fourth to the nineteenth century dividing it into four main periods. The Early Christian and Early Byzantine period (4th-8th century),The Middle Byzantine period (9th-12th century),The Late Byzantine period (13th-15th century) and Post Byzantine (15th-19th century) period. A brief outline of the most important monuments of each period is presented simultaneously as well as the problems of their research. Finally, a synopsis of the entire period is given and solutions are proposed concerning the protection and upgrading of the monuments. The author is convinced that systematic research and scientific use of the information provided by the monuments of Euboea will considerably broaden the field of history of Byzantine and Post Byzantine art in Greece.