The Chart of Venice (1964) and the Contract for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (Granada 1985) determine the mutual relationship between the protection of monuments and their surrounding landscape. In the case of Rhodes these directives gain a special significance since the Rhodian monuments are either built of local limestone or carved on the natural rock. The protection of the monumental physiognomy of the locale, as it has survived on Rhodes, should be linked with the practices of applied ecology if an environmental balance within the modern city is required.