In an attempt that museums should become less academic and introverted in their nature and concentrate more on educational matters and their public image we have watched museums employ, apart from museum curators, people with different skills and specialties. Although all these people belong to the same field of study there is little sense of their having a professional identity. The specialty of “museologist” has come to cover the need for a professional identity dealing with and channeling the various different specialised services needed to run a museum. The following four articles define what work is actually done in museums and tries also to define what a “museum professional “ means seen from the viewpoint of the anglosaxon world, of ICOM, of a museum teacher and that of a sagacious ethnologist who also happens to be a museologist.