This article deals with the protection and preservation of the cultural heritage in Greece (antiquities and neoclassical buildings and works of art), the authorized public services and agents who exercise the protectionlpreservation, the relevant legislation and, finally, the disadvantages and negative effects of the state policy practiced until now. It also makes clear commonly accepted proposals for the creation of a “United Service of Protection” and for the renovation and reformation of the present administrative and legislative framework. The obvious pursuit of these proposals is the change and improvement of the practice of protection, unification with the European relevant policy, the enrichment of the personnel who work in this sector with specialized individuals and most importantly the radical transformation of the mentality and approach of the administration towards the critical issue of the protection of the national, cultural heritage.