Filon Alexandreus the Judaean (13 BC-54 AD) was the first to speak of the original sin as a sexual offence. This dogma was embraced by all subsequent theoreticians of the Fall of Man. This interpretation of the gospels was refuted in 1984 by Jean Bottero who argued that at the time when the Old Testament was being drawn up, love and sex were not considered to be crimes. Bottero quotes the Song Of Songs as evidence. Such writings from which God is notably absent are in the Mesopotamian tradition. Original sin lies in the disobedience that led Adam and Eve on the path to knowledge.