The ancient monuments of Greece have served as an excellent source for the expression of its ideology to the modern Greek state. This concept, as well as the Greeks’ belief that the antique monuments were a venerated heritage, led to the foundation of an archaeological service and a national museum on Aegina island, soon after the establishment of the Greek state. This first archaeological service, originally staffed with Independence fighters and philhellene scientists succeeded in overcoming post war chaos and with the help of the Archaeological Society it reached its goal. That of rescuing and restoring the antiquities and of organizing a most efficient service, which, in spite of political and financial obstacles, laid the foundations for contemporary Greek archaeology.